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| 骨质疏松性骨折预测方法的研究进展 |
| The research progress in the prediction method of osteoporotic fractures |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 骨质疏松性骨折 BMD；FRAX；跌倒 |
| 英文关键词:Osteoporotic fracture BMD FRAX Falling |
| 基金项目: |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 骨质疏松症的最大危害是骨折的发生。骨质疏松性骨折特别是髋部骨折会导致死亡率、致残率、致畸率和医疗费用的增加。因此进行骨折风险评估、预防骨质疏松性骨折的发生是骨质疏松诊治过程的关键内容。骨质疏松性骨折除了与骨密度的下降有关，还与年龄、体重指数、既往骨折史、父母骨折史、长期应用糖皮质激素、维生素D不足等危险因素相关。跌倒是骨折发生的重要诱因，因此防跌倒是预防骨折的重要内容。骨密度、FRAX巳经被证实可用于预测骨折风险，而QUS、QCT及骨转换生化标志物也可能用于骨折风险预测，但目前尚未得到肯定。本文试从DXA、FRAX、骨转换生化标志物、定量超声、定量CT、跌倒等方面来阐述对骨质疏松性骨折预测的研究进展，其目的是为了早期发现骨折的高危人群，通过相应干预措施降低骨折的发生。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The greatest damage of osteoporosis is fracture，which may result in the increase of mortality，morbidity，disability，and medical expense，particularly in the osteoporotic hip fracture. Therefore，assessment of fracture risk and prevention of osteoporotic fracture becomes the key point for the diagnosis and treatment of osteoporosis. In addition to the decline of BMD，factors such as age，body mass index，history of fracture，parents ’ history of fracture，long-term use of glucocorticoids，vitamin D deficiency，and other related risk factors also have substantial influence in osteoporotic fracture. Falling is an important cause of fractures. Therefore，prevention of fall is an important content of fracture prevention. BMD and FRAX have been confirmed to be used to predict fracture risk. QUS，QCT，and bone turnover markers may also be used for predicting fracture risk，although they have not been confirmed yet. This paper describes the advance in the prediction of osteoporotic fracture from the aspects of DXA，FRAX，bone turnover markers，QUS，QCT，falling，and other factors，in order to detect the high-risk group of the fracture in an early stage and hence to reduce the occurrence of fractures with appropriate preventing measures. |
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