| MSCs are pluripotent cells that can be induced into bone, cartilage, fat, and tendon. There are many factors which influence the osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation. The aging of the body as a whole makes major change, as well as the change of the bone marrow microenvironment within the complex intracellular and extracellular signal-regulated change. Regulation of related factors may contribute to the induction of osteogenic differentiation and inhibition of adipogenic differentiation, and to improve the treatment of osteoporosis, bone defects, bone loss, and other related diseases. |