| Bone turnover markers which have good stability, strong specificity, and high sensitivity, are active substances that are released in the blood, urine, or other secretions, and can be detected in the process of bone remodeling. Although bone turnover markers are not the gold standard in the diagnosis of osteoporosis, we can learn about dynamic bone transform earlier combined with bone mineral density (BMD). Bone turnover markers play important roles in the evaluation of bone transformation balance, the differential diagnosis of bone metabolic diseases, and the monitoring of anti-osteoporosis treatment. So far, some traditional bone turnover markers, such as BALP, OC, PINP, TRACP, DPD, and CTX have been widely studied and applied in the clinical work and scientific research. The newly discovered bone turnover markers (BSP, POSTN, SO, Cat K, OCIL, etc) also have practical values for osteoporosis and bone metabolic disease, but their sensitivity, specificity, and stability still need further research to confirm. This paper reviews the aspect of clinical usage and research progress in the traditional bone turnover markers and newly discovered bone turnover markers. |