| Vitamin K ( vitamin K, VK) is a class of 2-methyl-l ,4- naphthoquinone derivative, and vitamin K2 is one kind of essential natural nutrients, mainly distributed in the kidney, bone, blood vessel walls and genital organs. In addition to coagulation functions, vitamin K2 is related to many physiological functions in the body, and it plays an important role in many areas of bone metabolism, with complex regulation mechanisms. In this paper, we retrospective reviewed the physiological role of vitamin K2 on regulating bone metabolism，animal experiments and clinical trials research，and the important role of vitamin K2 in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. |