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| 生酮饮食导致小鼠骨质疏松的显微骨结构和生物力学研究 |
| Bone micro-structural and biomechanical study of osteoporosis induced by ketogenic diet in mice |
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| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1006.7108.2017.03.010 |
| 中文关键词: 生酮饮食 骨质疏松 骨微结构；生物力学强度 |
| 英文关键词:Ketogenic diet Osteoporosis Bone microstructure Biomechanical strength |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金（81472084);广东省自然科学基金（2015A030313276) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 探讨酮体代谢小鼠骨结构和生物力学改变，以及所导致的小鼠骨质疏松。方法 10只8周龄的C57小鼠随机分为生酮饮食（KD)组和正常饮食（SD)组，每组5只，喂养3个月。生酮饮食的碳水化合物与脂肪的比例为1:4。每两周监测小鼠体重、血糖和血酮。采用显微CT测量小鼠股骨远端松质骨的骨微结构和中段皮质骨的骨结构参数，厚度和面积。采用脱钙后的石蜡切片HE染色观察骨小梁分布。采用三点弯曲实验评价胫骨力学强度。结果 KD组血酮水平为0. 8 mmol/L, 明显高于SD组（0. 2 mmol/L, P <0. 05)。KD组股骨远端松质骨的骨密度、骨体积分数和骨小梁连接密度分别为（49. 5±3.6) mgHA/ccm、（4. 1 ±0. 5) % 和（12. 4 ± 1. 9) mm-3，而 SD 组分别为（69. 1 ±4 0) mgHA/ccm、（6. 4 ± 1. 0) % 和（27. 4 ± 9. 7) mm-3， 两组间的差异均有统计学意义（P <0.05)。两组间的骨小梁数目和厚度的差异没有统计学意义（P >0.05)。KD组股骨中段皮质骨平均横截面积为（0.69 ±0. 08)mm2，显著小于SD组（0.80 ±0.06) mm2。KD组胫骨三点弯曲的最大力、刚度和最大吸收能量分别为（7.3±0.7)N、(25. 1 ±2.4)N/mm、（1.4 ±0.4)mJ,显著小于 SD 组[(10. 1 ±0. 6) N、（33. 4 ±2. 9) N/mm、（2. 3 士 0.5)mJ]。结论 本研究表明生酮饮食降低松质骨的骨密度、骨体积分数、骨小梁的连接程度，减少皮质骨的横截面积，降低骨力学强度，导致骨质疏松。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To investigate bone microstructural and biomechanical changes following ketogenic diets in mice, and to study osteoporosis induced by the ketogenic diets. Methods Ten C57 mice (8-week-in-age) were randomly divided into the ketogenic diet ( KD) group and the standard diet (SD) group. The KD is a formula food with 4: 1 ratio of fat to carbohydrate and protein. Body weight, blood glucose and blood ketone levels were tested every 2 weeks for 3 months. Bone micro-structures at the distal metaphysis and the middle shaft of femur, including bone mineral density, bone volume/tissue volume, trabecular thickness, trabecular number, trabecular separation,cortical bone thickness and cortical bone cross sectional area, were measured using a micro CT. The histologic observation of the distal femur was performed on HE staining images. Biomechanical evaluation of tibia was conducted using a three-point-bending test. Results Blood ketone in the KD group was significantly higher than that of the SD group (0. 8 mmol/L vs. 0. 2 mmol/L，P< 0. 05). Bone density, bone volume fraction and trabeculae connection density at the distal femur in the KD group were 49. 5 ± 3. 6 mgHA/ccm, 4. 1 ±0. 5% and 12. 4 ± 1. 9 mm-3, respectively, which were significantly lower than those in the SD group (69. 1 ±4. 0 mgHA/ccm, 6. 4 ± 1. 0% and 27. 4 ±9. 7 mm-3, respectively, all P < 0. 05). Cross?sectional bone area at the femoral shaft was 0. 69 ± 0. 08 mm2 in the KD group, and significantly smaller than the area in the SD group (0. 80 ± 0. 06 mm2，P < 0. 05). The maximum force，stiffness and maximum absorption energy of tibia in the KD group was 7. 3 ±0. 7 N、25. 1 ±2. 4 N/mm and 1. 4 ±0. 4 mJ，which were significantly lower than those in the SD group (10. 1 ±0. 6 N，33. 4 ±2. 9 N/mm and 2. 3 ±0. 5 mJ, P < 0. 05). Conclusion The ketogenic diet led to osteoporosis in mice by attenuating micro- structure of trabecular bones，decreasing the cross-sectional area of cortical bones，and weakening the mechanical strength of bones. |
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