| Parathyroid hormone (PTH) was a single-chain polypeptide with 84 amino acids synthesized by parathyroid host cells. It was one of the major hormones regulating serum calcium and phosphorus levels . It could promote the increase of serum calcium , decrease blood phosphorus levels. PTH could adjust the synthesis of bone, catabolism narrowly, PTH played an important role in the differentiation, maturation and apoptosis of osteoblasts and osteoclasts. This paper reviewed the chemical structure, physiological effects, sharing of biological studies and the clinical application of PTH. PTH had a therapeutic effect on type I osteoporosis (postmenopausal osteoporosis), type II osteoporosis (elderly osteoporosis), estrogen deficiency in young women and glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis . It could significantly increase the bone mineral density, and could reduce the incidence of osteoporotic fractures and accelerate fracture healing. Parathyroid hormone had an important application value in the osteoporosis treatment and osteoporotic fracture treatment in clinical. |