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| 某高校4056例教职工骨密度流行病学调查分析 |
| Epidemiological study of bone mineral density in 4056 staff of a university |
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| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1006.7108.2018.04.016 |
| 中文关键词: 骨密度 教职工 流行病学 |
| 英文关键词:Bone mineral density Staff Epidemiology |
| 基金项目: |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 调查某高校教职工的骨质状况及其相关因素的分析，为教职工的骨质疏松防治提供参考依据。方法 采用美国通用公司Achilles EXP II Document Kit骨质测量仪测量4056名教职工右脚跟骨骨质状况，并记录教职工的年龄、性别、体质量、腰围，采用卡方检验和Pearson相关性分析探讨骨质状况与以上因素的关系。结果 ①随着年龄的增长，骨量正常百分比逐渐下降，骨量减少和骨质疏松百分比逐渐上升，其结果具有统计学意义（χ2趋势=745.103, P<0.01）。②在男性受检人员中，随着年龄的增长，骨量正常百分比逐渐下降，骨量减少和骨质疏松百分比逐渐上升，结果具有统计学意义（χ2趋势=153.129, P<0.01）。在女性受检人员中，随着年龄的增长，骨量正常百分比逐渐下降，骨量减少和骨质疏松百分比逐渐上升，其结果具有统计学意义（χ2趋势=720.801, P<0.01）。③低体质量组以骨量减少为主，正常体质量组及超重组以骨量正常为主，差异具有统计学意义（χ2=23.759, P<0.01），随着体质量的增加，骨量正常百分比逐渐上升，骨量减少和骨质疏松百分比逐渐下降，结果具有统计学意义（χ2趋势=11.861, P<0.01）。④进一步对高体质指数(body mass index，BMI )分层，肥胖组骨质正常率低于偏胖组，骨质疏松率高于偏胖组，其结果具有统计学意义（χ2趋势=17.434, P<0.01）。⑤腰围越大，骨质状况越差(r=-0.072, P<0.01),差异具有统计学意义。结论 ①骨质状况随着年龄的增长越来越差，即使是年轻人，如果不注意生活方式，也可能会增加骨量减少的发生。②体质量过高或过低都是骨量减少的危险因素，将体质量控制在一个合理的范围内更有助于健康。③绝经期妇女或许可以通过运动或改善饮食来降低雌激素水平下降对骨质状况带来的不利影响。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective Bone mineral density and related factors were investigated in staff of a university to provide advice for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. Methods Bone mineral density of the right heel was assessed in a total of 4056 staff using Achilles EXP II Document Kit (GE, USA). Age, sex, body weight and waist circumference were recorded, and their relationship with bone mineral status was analyzed using chi square test and Pearson correlation analysis. Results ① With the increase of age, the percentage of staff with normal bone mineral density gradually decreased, and the percentage of staff with osteopenia and osteoporosis gradually increased. The difference was statistically significant (χ2 trend = 745.103, P <0.01). ② In male participants, with the increase of age, the percentage of staff with normal bone mineral density gradually decreased and the percentage of staff with osteopenia and osteoporosis gradually increased. The difference was statistically significant (χ2 trend = 153.129, P <0.01). In female participants, with the increase of age, the percentage of staff with normal bone density gradually decreased and the percentage of staff with osteopenia and osteoporosis gradually increased. The difference was statistically significant (χ2 trend = 720.801, P <0.01). ③ Most staff in the low body weight group were diagnosed with osteopenia. However, in normal body weight group and the overweight group, they were mainly of normal bone mineral density. The difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 23.759, P <0.01). With the increase of body mass, the percentage of staff with normal bone mineral density gradually increased and the percentage of staff with osteopenia and osteoporosis gradually decreased. The difference was significant (χ2 trend = 11.861, P <0.01). ④ After further stratification in those with high BMI, we found that the percentage of staff with normal bone mineral density in the obesity group was lower than that of the overweight group and the rate of staff with osteoporosis was higher than that of the overweight group (χ2 trend = 17.434, P <0.01). ⑤ The greater the waistline, the worse off the bone mineral status (r = -0.072, P <0.01). The difference was statistically significant. Conclusions ① The quality of an individual’s bone is getting worse with increase in age. But even young staff can have an increased risk of osteopenia if they do not pay more attention to their life style. ② As both high body weight and low body weight are risk factors of osteopenia, it is healthier to maintain body weight in a reasonable range. ③ Postmenopausal female staff could reduce the adverse effect low estrogen on bone mineral density through exercise and diet. |
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