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| 肠道微生物与骨病的研究进展 |
| Research progress of intestinal microorganism and bone diseases |
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| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1006.7108.2019.03.018 |
| 中文关键词: 肠道微生物 骨病 骨质疏松症 类风湿性关节炎 强直性脊柱炎 |
| 英文关键词:Intestinal microorganism Bone disease Osteoporosis Rheumatoid arthritis Ankylosing spondylitis |
| 基金项目:山东省自然科学基金(2015ZRC03171)；山东省重点研发计划项目（2016ZDJS07A10，2016GSF201222） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 人体肠道微生物菌群基因数量超过人体基因数量的100倍，被称为“人体第二基因库”，这些基因赋予各种细菌不同的功能，产生极其复杂多样的代谢产物，对于调节人体消化、免疫、内分泌、乃至神经系统等功能具有重要作用。而处于稳态的肠道微生物不但能依附于肠黏膜表面形成保护屏障，阻止致病菌的生长、繁殖和入侵，还能通过黏膜系统促进免疫系统成熟，有助于机体有效抵抗病原微生物的感染。如果肠道菌群平衡被打破，那么宿主患各种疾病的风险就会随之升高。宿主健康与否会导致肠道微生物发生变化，进而通过间接刺激或抑制成骨细胞和激活破骨细胞而打破骨矿化平衡，影响骨健康。除此之外，它们还可以通过维持免疫系统稳态参与调控骨代谢，通过影响生长因子调节、营养物质吸收和宿主代谢通路等参与骨质疏松症、类风湿性关节炎和强直性脊柱炎等相关骨病的发生。目前关于肠道微生物菌群与骨病的研究较少，且多集中于菌群差异性对骨病的影响，而肠道菌群影响骨病的分子机制亟待进一步研究。本文就近年来国内外对肠道微生物与骨病关系的研究进展进行综述。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The number of genes that encode microbial flora is 100-fold more than the human genome, known as the "human second gene pool". These genes give different functions to various bacteria and produce extremely complex and diverse metabolites, which play an important role in regulating human digestive, immune, endocrine and even neurological system functions. The steady-state intestinal microorganism not only can attach to the mucous membrane surface to form the protective barrier and prevent the growth, multiplication and invasion of pathogenic bacteria, but also can promote the immune system to mature through the mucous membrane system, thus the organism can resist the pathogenic microorganism infection effectively. If the balance of the intestinal flora is broken, the risk of the host suffering from various diseases will increase. Whether the host is healthy or not can cause the intestinal microorganism to change, and it is now known that intestinal microbes can influence bone health by indirectly stimulating or inhibiting osteoblasts and osteoclasts formation to break the balance of bone mineralization. In addition, they not only can use the immune system to participate in the regulation of bone metabolism, but also through influencing growth factor regulation, nutrient uptake and host metabolic pathway participate in the occurrence of osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis and other related bone disease. At present, the study on intestinal microbial flora and bone disease is limited and concentrates on the effect of bacterial flora difference on bone disease, and the molecular mechanism of how intestinal flora affecting bone disease needs to be further studied. In this paper, the research progress of the relationship between intestinal microorganism and bone disease has been reviewed. |
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