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| 维生素D免疫调节的研究进展 |
| The research progress of vitamin D on immunity |
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| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1006-7108.2019.04.028 |
| 中文关键词: 维生素D 免疫调节 自身免疫性疾病 |
| 英文关键词:vitamin D immunoregulation autoimmune diseases |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 维生素 D是人体生命中不可缺少的营养素,由于免疫细胞同样表达1α-羟化酶和维生素D受体（vitamin D receptor，VDR），所以维生素D是一种重要的免疫调节剂，它可以调节固有免疫和适应性免疫。维生素D通过与维生素D受体结合，激活和调节多种细胞通路来发挥其生物学效应。尤其是免疫细胞（抗原递呈细胞、B细胞、T细胞）能够表达1α-羟化酶从而合成维生素D的活性代谢物,更进一步证明了维生素D的免疫调节特性。维生素D缺乏会导致诸如自身免疫性疾病等异常反应。一些观察研究表明补充维生素D有利于降低疾病的严重程度。但是，用于预防或治疗自身免疫性疾病所需补充的血浆25-羟维生素D浓度标准仍有争议。本文将对维生素D免疫调节研究进展以及维生素D在自身免疫性内分泌疾病（自身免疫性甲状腺疾病、1型糖尿病、Addison’s病）发病机制中的作用进行综述。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Vitamin D is an essential nutrient for human life, the 1α-hydroxylase and the vitamin D receptor?are also expressed in cells of the immune system, indicating that vitamin D has immunomodulatory properties. It can regulate both innate and adaptive immunity. Vitamin D mediates its biological effects by binding to the vitamin D receptor, and activating and regulating multiple cellular pathways. In particular, cells of the immune system (antigen presenting cells, B cells and T cells), due to the expression of 1α-hydroxylase (CYP27B1), are able to synthesize the active metabolite of vitamin D, which shows more immunomodulatory properties. Thus, it is possible that vitamin D insufficiency or deficiency may unsettle the normal immune response, predisposing to the development of the autoimmune diseases. Several observational studies?have suggested beneficial effects of vitamin D supplementation in reducing the severity of disease activity. However, the optimal plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration that is necessary to prevent or treat autoimmune diseases is still under debate. This review presents the recent research progress on the immunoregulatory effect of vitamin D and summarize the evidence regarding the role of vitamin D in the pathogenesis of autoimmune endocrine diseases, including autoimmune thyroid disease, type 1 diabetes mellitus and Addison’s disease. |
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