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| 肌肉组织和脂肪组织对绝经后女性骨密度及骨强度的影响及作用机制 |
| Effects of muscle and adipose tissue on bone mineral density and bone strength in postmenopausal women and its mechanism |
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| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1006-7108.2019.10.029 |
| 中文关键词: 肌肉组织 脂肪组织 绝经后女性 骨密度 骨强度 |
| 英文关键词:muscle tissue adipose tissue postmenopausal women bone mineral density bone strength |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 探讨肌肉组织和脂肪组织对绝经后女性骨密度及骨强度的影响及作用机制。方法 检索近10年来研究绝经后女性肌肉和（或）脂肪对骨密度和（或）骨强度的影响的专业文献以及研究肌肉、脂肪和骨骼相互影响的具体机制的实验报告， 综合分析肌肉组织和脂肪组织对绝经后女性骨密度及骨强度的影响及作用机制。结果 多数研究表明肌肉组织含量及肌力可能是骨密度和骨强度的重要决定因素，骨髓脂肪会对骨骼产生不利影响，而髓外脂肪对骨密度及骨强度的影响则尚未达成一致认识;无论是肌肉组织还是脂肪组织，均可通过力学作用和化学调节两方面影响骨代谢，从而影响骨密度和骨强度，但其具体机制尚未完全阐明。结论 ①肌肉组织是骨密度及骨强度的重要影响因素，其在力学因素和化学调节等多方面对骨骼 起到正向保护作用，但具体机制尚需进一步研究。②骨髓脂肪增多与骨质疏松症负性相关已被认可，而髓外脂肪组织对骨密度及骨强度影响较为复杂，有待进一步研究探讨。③对于绝经后女性而言，通过合理锻炼和饮食等方式维持肌肉含量和肌力以及一定范围的体脂，对防治骨质疏松有重耍的积极意义。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To explore the effects of muscle and adipose tissue on bone mineral density and bone strength in postmenopausal women and its mechanism. Methods The professional literature on the effects of muscle and/or fat on bone mineral density and/or bone strength in postmenopausal women in the past 10 years and the experimental reports on the specific mechanisms of muscle, fat and bone interactions were retrieved. The effects of muscle and adipose tissue on bone mineral density and bone strength in postmenopausal women and its mechanism were analyzed comprehensively. Results Most studies showed that muscle tissue content and muscle strength may be important determinants of bone mineral density and bone strength. Bone marrow fat had an adverse effect on bones. However, the effect of extramedullary fat on bone mineral density and bone strength has not yet been agreed. Both muscle and adipose tissue can affect bone metabolism through mechanical action and chemical regulation，thus affecting bone mineral density and bone strength. However, its specific mechanism has not been fully elucidated. Conclusion ①Muscle tissue is an important factor associated with bone mineral density and bone strength. It plays a positive role in the protection of bones in many aspects such as mechanical factors and chemical regulation, but the specific mechanism needs further study. ②The negative correlation between bone marrow fat and osteoporosis has been recognized, but the influence of extramedullary adipose tissue on bone mineral density and bone strength is complicated, and further research is needed. ③Maintaining of muscle mass and muscle strength and a certain range of body fat through reasonable exercise and diet have important and positive significance for prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. |
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