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| 重庆地区围绝经期与绝经后妇女骨密度及身体成分相关指标分析 |
| An analysis of bone mineral density and body composition in perimenopausal and early postmenopausal women in Chongqing |
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| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1006-7108.2019.12.020 |
| 中文关键词: 骨质疏松 骨密度 围绝经期 绝经后 脂肪含量 肌肉含量 |
| 英文关键词:osteoporosis bone mineral density perimenopausal postmenopausal fat mass lean mass |
| 基金项目:国家重大科学研发计划子课题（2018YFA080082） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 调查重庆地区围绝经期与绝经后妇女(5~10年）骨密度及相关身体成分指标，分析身体成分指标与骨密度的关系，为本地区骨质疏松的防治提供线索。方法 ①选取2017年于本院进行健康体检年龄≥45岁的妇女956名(排除相关原发疾病），其中围绝经期510名，绝经后446名，并分别记录身高、体重，计算出体质量指数(body mass index, BMI）；②使用美国GE公司双能X线骨密度仪测定受试者腰椎1~4、左侧股骨颈、大转子、股骨干、全髋的骨密度以及全身脂肪、肌肉含量与骨矿含量。结果 一般情况分析发现，重庆地区围绝经期妇女身高明显高于绝经后妇女［分别为(156.81 ± 5.27) cm、(153.32 ±5.51) cm］，而体质量指数无明显差异。 绝经后妇女肌肉含量(37.91 ± 6.42) kg、脂肪含量(17.84 ± 2.16) kg、骨矿含量(1.58±0.41) kg均较围绝经期妇女 [(37.88 ± 6.15) kg、(19.21 ± 2.07) kg、(1.75±0.20) kg ]降低。绝经后妇女诊断骨质疏松与低骨量的比例分别为28.92%、41.03%，高于围绝经期妇女低骨量的发生率(28.63%)。围绝经期妇女腰椎1~4和左侧股骨颈、大转子、股骨干及全髋骨密度 (bone mineral density, BMD)明显高于绝经后妇女［分别是(1.0 959 ± 0.1 603) g/m2和(0.8 410 ± 0.1 606) g/m2，(0.8 178 ± 0.1 577) g/m2和(0.7 872 ± 0.1 585) g/m2，(0.6 946 ± 0.1 252) g/m2和(0.6 728±0.1 274) g/m2，(1.0 329 ± 0.1 712) g/m2和(1.0 030±0.1 737) g/m2，(0.8 773 ± 0.1 448) g/m2和(0.8 495 ± 0.1 478) g/m2］。结论 绝经后妇女髋部、腰椎等部位BMD均较围绝经期妇女明显降低；骨质疏松及低骨量的发生率随年龄增加显著升高；和围绝经期妇女相比，绝经后妇女全身脂肪含量偏低；BMD与全身肌肉含量呈正相关性。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To investigate the changes of bone mineral density (BMD) and body composition in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women (5 to 10 years) in Chongqing, and to evaluate the relationship between body composition and BMD. These data will provide evidences for the preventions and therapies of osteoporosis in local region. Methods Perimenopausal (n=510) and postmenopausal women (n=446) aged above 45, who underwent a physical check-up in our hospital in 2017, were enrolled. Their height and weight were measured and body mass indexes (BMI) were calculated. Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) was used to evaluate BMD of lumbar vertebrae 1-4 (L1-4), left femoral neck, trochanter, femoral shaft and total hip, as well as total body fat mass, lean mass and bone mineral content (BMC). Results Perimenopausal women were significantly taller than postmenopausal women [(156.81±5.27) cm vs (153.32±5.51) cm]. There was no significant difference in BMI between these two groups. The total body lean mass [(37.91±6.42) kg], fat mass [(17.84±2.16) kg] and BMC [(1.58±0.41) kg] of postmenopausal women were also decreased compared with perimenopausal women [(37.88± 6.15) kg, (19.21±2.07) kg and (1.75±0.20) kg, respectively]. According to the diagnostic criterion of osteoporosis, the rate of osteoporosis and low bone density patients in postmenopausal women were 28.92% and 41.03%, respectively. The rate of low bone density in perimenopausal women was 28.63%. The BMD levels of L1-4, left femoral neck, trochanter, femoral shaft and total hip in perimenopausal women were significantly higher than those in postmenopausal women [(1.0 959±0.1 603) g/cm2 vs (0.8 461± 0.1 606) g/cm2, (0.8 178 ± 0.1 577) g/cm2 vs (0.7 872 ± 0.1 585) g/cm2, (0.6 946±0.1 252) g/cm2 vs (0.6 728±0.1 274) g/cm2, (1.0 329±0.1 712) g/cm2 vs (1.0 030±0.1 737) g/cm2, (0.8 773±0.1 448)g/cm2 vs (0.8 495±0.1 478)g/cm2, respectively]. Conclusion Compared with perimenopausal women, BMD at lumbar and hip was lower and the incidence of osteoporosis and low bone mass was higher in postmenopausal women. Fat body mass was decreased in postmenopausal women. There was a positive correlation between BMD and lean body mass. |
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