| Objective To investigate the effect of resveratrol (RESV) on bone damage in first-onset diabetes mellitus type 1, and to provide valuable ideas and inspiration for clinical treatment of bone damage secondary to diabetes mellitus type 1. Methods NOD mice were divided into normal (N) group, diabetes (DM) group, insulin-treated (INS) group, and resveratrol-treated (RESV) group. Mice in the N group and the DM group were intragastrically administered with 0.9% sodium chloride solution. Mice in the INS group was injected subcutaneously with 0.2-0.4 U/kg·d insulin injection. Mice in the RESV group was treated with 200 mg/kg·d of RESV. RESV was administered by intragastric administration. After 8 weeks of treatment, the right femur was collected for microstructural observation using Micro-CT. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining was performed at the left femur. At the same time, the expression levels of bone tissue related genes, OCN, Runx2, PPARr, and TRAP were detected. Results (1) Micro-CT results showed that bone mineral density (BMD) decreased (P=0.015) and bone volume percentage (BV/TV) decreased in the diabetes group compared with those in the normal group (P=0.049). Compared with the diabetes group, the RESV-treated group had increased BMD (P=0.008), increased BV/TV (P=0.014), increased bone surface density (BS/TV) (P=0.016), and increased structural model index (SMI) (P=0.029). The number of trabecular bone (Tb.N.) was significantly increased in the resveratrol-treated group compared with in the insulin-treated group (P=0.018). (2) ALP staining of bone tissue sections showed that the trabecular bone was thinned, the number was reduced, and the number of osteoblasts were significantly reduced in DM group. Compared with the DM group, the number of osteoblasts were increased significantly in INS and RESV groups. (3) Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-PCR) results showed that compared with the normal group, the expression of TRAP and PPARr increased in the DM group. Compared with the DM group, the expression levels of TRAP and PPARr decreased in the INS group and the RESV group, but the expression of Runx2 was increased. Conclusion RESV improves bone destruction in type 1diabetes mellitus mice by reducing bone resorption and promoting bone formation. |