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| 蛋白质的摄入量及来源对骨密度的影响 |
| Effect of protein intake and source on bone mineral density |
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| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1006-7108.2020.05.031 |
| 中文关键词: 蛋白质 素食 动物来源蛋白质 骨代谢 骨密度 骨质疏松症 骨质疏松性骨折 |
| 英文关键词:protein vegetarian animal-derived protein bone metabolism bone mineral density osteoporosis osteoporotic fracture |
| 基金项目:2018年哈尔滨医科大学研究生科研和创新项目基金（YJSSJCX2018-59HYD） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 中国人口老龄化日趋明显，骨质疏松症及其相关的骨折等并发症患病率急剧上升。蛋白质是除钙和维生素D外，维持骨骼生长发育、力学性能和骨折愈合的重要营养素。研究发现，蛋白质摄入量过多或过少都对骨代谢有不利影响。适当增加蛋白质摄入可以增加全身骨密度，还可预防髋部骨折。素食者和素食主义者股骨颈和腰椎的骨密度低于杂食者，而且素食主义者的骨折率高于杂食者。过多摄入含有酸化氨基酸的动物来源蛋白质（如半胱氨酸和甲硫氨酸）会增加患骨质疏松症的风险。以鱼、橄榄油和低摄入红肉为特征的地中海饮食模式与较高的骨密度有关。因此，适量而均衡的蛋白质摄入有利于骨健康。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| China's population is ageing, and the prevalence of osteoporosis and its associated fractures have risen sharply. Protein is an important nutrient for maintaining bone growth, mechanical properties and fracture healing in addition to calcium and vitamin D. Studies have found that excessive or too little protein intake has an adverse effect on bone metabolism. Proper increase in protein intake can increase systemic bone density and prevent hip fractures. Vegetarians and vegan have lower femur neck and lumbar spine bone density than omnivores, and vegan has higher fracture rates than omnivores. Excessive intake of animal-derived proteins (such as cysteine and methionine) containing acidified amino acids increases the risk of osteoporosis. The Mediterranean diet characterized by fish, olive oil and low intake of red meat is associated with higher bone density. Therefore, moderate and balanced protein intake is beneficial to bone health. |
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