| Objective To investigate the effect of estradiol on Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in ovariectomized osteoporosis rats, and to explore its mechanism of prevention and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Methods 80 female SD rats were randomly divided into control group, sham operation group, castration group and drug group. Construct postmenopausal osteoporosis rat models. Detection of bone tissue BMD and biomechanical indicators, qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry were respectively used to detect mRNA and protein expression of Wnt, β-catenin and BMP-2 in bone tissue. Results Compared with the control group and the sham operation group, the BMD and biomechanical indexes of the castration group were significantly reduced (P<0.05), Compared with the castration group, the BMD and biomechanical indexes of the drug group were significantly increased (P<0.05). Compared with the control group and the sham operation group, The mRNA and protein expressions of Wnt, β-catenin and BMP-2 of the castration group were significantly reduced (P<0.05), Compared with the castration group, The mRNA and protein expressions of Wnt, β-catenin and BMP-2 of the drug group were significantly increased (P<0.05). The trabecular bone in the castration group was significantly reduced, the arrangement was sparse and irregular, the connection was incomplete, the bone marrow cavity became large, and a large amount of fibrous tissue. The number of trabecular bone in the drug group was not significantly reduced, the thickness was even and dense, the arrangement was regular, and the continuity integrity was good. Conclusion Estradiol acts on BMP-2 via Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, increases bone mineral density in ovariectomized osteoporosis rats, improves bone biomechanical properties, improves bone structure, and plays an anti-osteoporosis effects. |