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| 海口地区各年龄段人群骨密度变化及中老年骨质疏松患病率调查 |
| Changes of bone mineral density and prevalence of osteoporosis in middle-aged and elderly people in Haikou area |
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| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1006-7108.2020.07.024 |
| 中文关键词: 海口 常住居民 骨密度 骨质疏松 |
| 英文关键词:Haikou permanent residents bone mineral density osteoporosis |
| 基金项目:海南省卫生计生行业科研项目（17A200119） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 分析海口地区常住居民各年龄段人群骨密度（bone mineral density，BMD）值变化情况，并调查分析中老年骨质疏松患病率。方法 采用多阶段抽样法抽取海口地区常住居民2176名，采用双能X线检测腰椎正位BMD、左髋部BMD，并根据性别、年龄分组对骨质疏松患病率进行分析，统计中老年（年龄≥46岁）骨质疏松患病率。结果 BMD值随年龄增加呈下降趋势，51岁以上男性BMD值＞同年龄段内女性，且组间差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；男性在66～70岁年龄段BMD明显增加，其中L1～4最明显；女性51～55岁年龄段内BMD值下降最明显。海口地区城市女性Ward’s、Troch的BMD高于农村女性（P＜0.05）。海口地区中老年人骨质疏松总发生率为58.17%，中老年人骨质疏松发生率随年龄增加呈上升趋势；相同年龄段内，男性骨质疏松发生率低于女性，男性在66～70岁、76～80岁两个年龄段内骨质疏松发生率略下降。骨折发生率随年龄增加呈上升趋势，同年龄段内男性骨折发生率低于女性，女性76～80岁年龄段内骨折发生率最高；脊柱骨折发生率最高，81岁及以上年龄骨折发生率呈下降趋势。结论 海口地区常住居民BMD随年龄增加下降，中老年骨质疏松发生率较高，且随年龄增加上升，女性骨质疏松发生率显著高于男性，因此应加强中老年群体干预与健康教育。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To analyze the changes of bone mineral density (BMD) values in different age groups of permanent residents in Haikou area, and to investigate the prevalence of osteoporosis in middle-aged and elderly people. Methods A total of 2176 permanent residents in Haikou area were sampled using multi-stage sampling method. BMD of the lumbar spine and left hip was detected with dual-energy X-ray. The prevalence of osteoporosis was analyzed according to sex and age groups, and the prevalence of osteoporosis in middle-aged and elderly people (age ≥ 46 years) was counted. Results BMD value showed a downward trend with the increase of age. BMD value of men over 51 years old was higher than that of women in the same age group, and there was a significant difference between groups (P<0.05). BMD increased significantly in males aged from 66 to 70, especially in L1-4. BMD value of women aged from 51 to 55 years old declined most significantly. BMD of the Ward's and Troch region of urban women in Haikou was higher than that of rural women (P<0.05). The total incidence of osteoporosis in middle-aged and elderly people in Haikou was 58.17%. The incidence of osteoporosis increased with age. In the same age group, the incidence of osteoporosis in males was lower than that in females. The incidence of osteoporosis decreased slightly in 66-70 and 76-80 age ranges in males. The incidence of fractures increased with age. In the same age group, the incidence of fractures in males was lower than that in females, and the highest incidence of fractures in females was in the 76-80 age group. The incidence of spinal fracture was the highest. The incidence of fractures in 81 years old and above showed a downward trend. Conclusion BMD in permanent residents in Haikou area decreases with age, and the incidence of osteoporosis in middle-aged and elderly people is higher. With age increasing, the incidence of osteoporosis in females is significantly higher than that in males. Therefore, intervention and health education for middle-aged and elderly people should be strengthened. |
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