| Objective To establish and evaluate the rat model of type 2 diabetic nephropathy with osteoporosis. Methods SD rats were fed with high glucose and high fat diet for 4 weeks. Then they were injected with streptozotocin (STZ 35 mg/kg) intraperitoneally. The changes of blood glucose, urine volume, urine protein, CA, P, and other biochemical indexes were observed. Bone mineral density and biomechanical strength were measured using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. The kidney and bone tissue were collected for pathological detection. Results The levels of blood glucose, urine volume, and urine protein in rats of the model group increased gradually compared with those in the normal group after feeding with high glucose and high fat diet. After injecting streptozotocin intraperitoneally for 4 weeks, the levels of blood glucose, urine volume, and urine protein in rats of the model group increased significantly compared with those in the normal group. At the 8th week, the levels of blood glucose, urine volume, urine protein, and urine Ca and P in rats of the model group were significantly higher than those of the normal group, and the difference was statistically significant. Bone mineral density and bone strength in rats of the model group were lower than those of the normal group. Pathological findings showed that the rats in the model group had renal hypertrophy, glomerular capillary loop hypertrophy, mesangial matrix increase, renal lesions, and bone lesions such as sparseness, thinning, and continuous interruption of bone trabecula. Conclusion The rat model of type 2 diabetic nephropathy with osteoporosis can be established by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin combined with high glucose and high fat diet for 8 weeks. The model has the characteristics of high glucose, polyuria, increased urine protein, decreased bone density, increased glomerulopathy, and bone absorption. |