| Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), as the immune system and bone joint cytokines, stimulates the immune cell activation, promotes the inflammatory cytokine secretion, increases the role of the inflammatory response, directly or indirectly promotes bone absorption, and regulates the development of postmenopausal osteoporosis through multiple ways. It can be used as a monitoring index of postmenopausal osteoporosis. It is also expected to become effective drug targets for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis. This paper analyzes the effect of TNF-α on bone metabolic cells, cytokines, and bone metabolic environment from the perspectives of immune response, inflammatory response, and oxidative stress response, and analyzes the mechanism of TNF-α mediated pathogenesis of postmenopausal osteoporosis, so as to provide some research ideas for the establishment of diagnosis and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis and the mechanism research. |