| Objective To study the effect of alendronate combined with simvastatin on the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in bone tissue of ovariectomized rats, and to explore its mechanism of prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. Methods Sixty-five female SD rats were randomly divided into control group, model group, drug group A, drug group B, and drug group A+B. Ovariectomized rat model of osteoporosis was established. Bone mineral density (BMD), bone biomechanical indexes, and mRNA and protein expression of Wnt, β-catenin, and Runx2 in bone were detected. The morphology of bone tissue was observed. Results Compared to those in the control group, BMD, maximum load, and maximum stress in the model group reduced significantly (P<0.05). Compared to those in the model group, BMD and bone biomechanics indexes in the drug group A, drug group B, and drug group A+B increased significantly (P<0.05). Compared to those in the control group, mRNA and protein levels of Wnt, β-catenin, and Runx2 in the model group reduced significantly (P<0.05). Compared to those in the model group, mRNA and protein expressions in the drug group A, drug group B, and drug group A+B increased significantly (P<0.05). In model group, the morphological structure was poor, the number of trabeculae were few, and the arrangement of the trabeculae was disordered. In the drug group A+B, the trabecular bone structure was intact, the number was increased, and the arrangement was regular. Conclusion Alendronate combined with simvastatin may increase BND in osteoporotic rats by increasing the expression of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway-related factors, improve bone biomechanics, improve bone tissue microstructure, and exert anti-osteoporosis effect. |