| With the development of society and economy and the aging of the population, lipid metabolism-related diseases and osteoporosis, as two common metabolism-related diseases, seriously affect the health of people, and has become a serious public health problem. It is traditionally believed that dyslipidemia and osteoporosis are independent. However, many recent studies have shown that there is a certain correlation between them, not only in common pathogenic factors but also closely in pathophysiology. Hyperlipidemia, obesity, atherosclerosis, and other lipid metabolism-related diseases are regulated by a variety of signaling pathways, including Wnt, TGF β/BMPs, Notch, Hhs/Ptch1/Smo-Gli1, and activated transcription factors. These signaling pathways and transcription factors do not function independently. They can be simultaneously activated in a specific micro-environment to induce the differentiation of MSCs. This will affect the differentiation and function of adipose and osteoblasts and the balance between bone formation and bone resorption, leading to the development of osteoporosis. More and more evidence shows that patients with osteoporosis are often complicated with abnormal lipid metabolism such as hyperlipidemia. With the relief of osteoporosis after treatment, the disorder of lipid metabolism may be reversed. This review focuses on the main signaling pathways between lipid metabolism and osteoporosis and the relationship between lipid metabolism-related diseases and osteoporosis. Exploring the molecular mechanism of hyperlipidemia and osteoporosis will provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. |