| Objective To explore the risk factors of osteoporosis in maintenance hemodialysis patients, and to observe the changes of bone mineral density (BMD) after intervention with different exercise methods. Methods The relevant clinical data of 236 maintenance hemodialysis patients in the hemodialysis center of our hospital were collected. The patients were divided into two groups according to whether or not combined with osteoporosis. The risk factors of osteoporosis were analyzed with single factor analysis. Binary logistic regression analysis were performed on risk factors which were significantly different in single factor analysis. One hundred and eight research subjects were selected and randomly divided into four groups according to age and gender, control group (group A), aerobic exercise combined resistance exercise group (group B), aerobic exercise group (group C), and resistance exercise group (group D), with 27 cases in each group. The study lasted for 24 weeks. BMD was compared among the four groups before and after 24-week intervention. Results The proportion of women, age, month of dialysis, blood phosphorus, and parathyroid hormone in the osteoporosis group were higher, and hemoglobin was lower than those in the non-osteoporosis group (P<0.05). Gender, age, and PTH were risk factors for osteoporosis in patients with maintenance hemodialysis (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in BMD among group A, group B, group C, and group D before exercise intervention (P>0.05). After 24 weeks of exercise intervention, BMD was statistically significant in groups B, C, and D, compared to that in group A (P<0.05). BMD in group B and group D at the end of 24 weeks of exercise was significantly different compared to that before exercise (P<0.05). Conclusion Gender, age, and PTH are risk factors for osteoporosis in maintenance hemodialysis patients. Aerobic exercise combined with resistance exercise is more effective than pure aerobic exercise or resistance exercise in improving BMD. Resistance exercise is better than aerobic exercise. Long-term continuous rehabilitation exercise effectively relieves osteoporosis in hemodialysis patients. |