| With the aging of the world's population, osteoporosis has become one of the most common and costly diseases worldwide.People with osteoporosis are prone to fractures, which can lead to death in severe cases. In addition,osteoporosis seriously affects the health and quality of life of patients,causing a heavy burden and a series of major social problems. Therefore, it is urgent to seek safe and effective measures to prevent and treat osteoporosis. Exosomes were first discovered in 1983 and were initially thought to be just a waste of cells.With the deepening of research,its great potential has been slowly tapped.Exosomes are membrane vesicles containing proteins, mRNA(messenger ribonucleic acid), miRNAs (micro ribonucleic acid), and DNA(deoxyribonucleic acid)that can be produced by a variety of cell types. MiRNAs are small non-coding RNAs (ribonucleic acids)that can mediate a variety of pathophysiological processes and play a wide range of roles.MiRNAs in exosomes are a kind of genetic material that can be transferred between tissues, play a role as communication factors between tissues and play an important role in cell-cell communication and messenger molecule delivery.However,the underlying mechanism by which small molecule miRNAs promote fracture healing in vivo is still unclear. In view of this, we have found that the Wnt signaling pathway(a set of multidownstream signaling pathways activated by ligand protein Wnt binding to membrane protein receptors) promotes mesenchymal stem cell differentiation by reviewing the literature.Positively regulates the production of miRNAs, one of the exosome contents, in the treatment of osteoporosis. Therefore, the author will review exosomes, one of exosome contents,miRNAs mediated signaling pathway in the treatment of osteoporosis and other aspects, aiming to provide a possible new idea for clinical treatment of osteoporosis. |