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| 骨髓脂肪的分析技术及其与骨质疏松关系的研究进展 |
| Research progress on analytical techniques of bone marrow fat and its relationship with osteoporosis |
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| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1006.7108.2022.04.025 |
| 中文关键词: 骨髓脂肪 骨质疏松 色谱法 磁共振成像 |
| 英文关键词:bone marrow fat osteoporosis chromatography magnetic resonance imaging |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金面上项目（81871325）；上海市科技计划项目（20Y11911800） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 骨质疏松（osteoporosis，OP）是一种公共卫生健康疾病，不仅增加了国家医疗卫生系统的负担，并且降低了人们的生活质量。既往关于OP的研究主要集中于骨骼的矿化部分，认为骨髓脂肪为惰性的组成成分。但是，近年越来越多的研究发现骨髓脂肪通过内分泌和旁分泌作用能够影响骨量与骨质量。为了明确骨-骨髓脂肪的相互作用以及OP的发生机制，学者们通过许多手段对骨髓脂肪的成分进行量化并探索其功能，有助于进一步明确骨髓脂肪代谢在OP形成过程中的可能机制。质子磁共振波谱（MRS）以及MRI水脂分离成像弥补了质谱技术的缺点，可以无创的检测活体骨髓脂肪，MRS能够分析单个体素的脂肪分数以及不同脂肪酸成分相对含量，而MRI水脂分离成像能够分析脂肪的空间分布并得出其脂肪分数。目前骨髓脂肪与骨质疏松关系研究主要集中于体外实验，如何在活体内研究其作用机制仍需进一步探索。骨髓脂肪酸参与骨质疏松的发病机制可能成为治疗骨质疏松的潜在靶点，未来需要进一步明确健康骨骼各种重点脂肪酸的实际需要量，从而改善日常饮食，保护骨骼。本文就骨髓脂肪的分析技术及其与骨质疏松的关系研究进展进行综述。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Osteoporosis (OP) is a public health disease that not only increases the burden of national health departments , but also reduces the quality of life. Previous studies about OP mainly focused on the mineralized part of bone mostly. Bone marrow fat was considered as inert components. However, emerging studies have suggested that bone marrow fat can affect bone quantity and quality through endocrine and paracrine effects in recent years. In order to specify the mechanism of bone-fat interaction and the mechanism of OP, researchers have been exploring the marrow fat content and function through many approaches. It helps to illustrate the possible roles of bone marrow fat in the formation of OP. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and water-fat imaging make up for the shortcomings of mass spectrometry. They can detect bone marrow fat noninvasionly. MRS can analyze fat fraction in a voxel and assess lipids composition, while water-fat imaging can analyze the spatial distribution of fat and provide fat fraction. At present, studies on the relationship between bone marrow fat and osteoporosis mainly focus on in vitro experiments. How to study its mechanism in vivo still needs to be further explored. The involvement of bone marrow fatty acids in the osteoporosis pathogenesis may become a potential therapeutic target. In the future, it is necessary to further clarify the actual requirements of promising fatty acids for healthy bones, so as to improve the dietary fat acid recommendations for bone protection. Research progress on analytical techniques of bone marrow fat and its relationship with osteoporosis was reviewed in this paper. |
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