| Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disease with an increased risk of fracture due to reduced bone strength. As the population ages, it becomes a global public health problem. Dual-energy X-ray absorption method is mainly used to diagnose osteoporosis by measuring bone mineral density, but the accuracy of this method in predicting the risk of osteoporosis-related fracture is low. In recent years, many studies have found that in addition to bone mineral density, bone structure change is also one of the important factors that lead to the reduction of bone strength, and the bone structure can be quantitatively analyzed by a variety of imaging methods. We introduce micro-CT, HR-PQCT, UTE MRI, HR-MRI, MSCT, and other existing imaging methods for quantitative analysis of bone structure, analyze the advantages and disadvantages of these methods, and summarize the research progress of these imaging methods in the diagnosis of osteoporosis and the prediction of related fragility fractures. |