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| 催产素及其受体调节骨代谢研究 |
| Research progress on the regulation of bone metabolism by oxytocin and its receptors |
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| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1006-7108.2023.06.015 |
| 中文关键词: 催产素 催产素受体 骨质疏松症 雌激素 |
| 英文关键词:oxytocin oxytocin receptor osteoporosis estrogen |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（81974564；82104730）；中原英才计划-科技创新领军人才项目（224200510027）；河南省中医药科学研究专项（2021ZY2159；2019JDZX2032；2021ZPZX021） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 催产素（oxytocin, OT）除具有调节分娩和母乳分泌的作用外，外周性OT和催产素受体（oxytocin receptor, OTR），非中枢性，对骨骼也有直接的调节作用。骨髓间充质干细胞、成骨细胞（osteoblast，OB）、破骨细胞（osteoclast，OC）、骨细胞、软骨细胞、脂肪细胞均表达OT及OTR。OB在雌激素的刺激下，合成OT，并成为骨形成的旁分泌-自分泌调节剂。在雌激素的介导之下，OT/OTR与OB形成前馈环路。骨保护素(osteoclastogenesis inhibitory factor, OPG)/核因子κB受体活化因子配体（receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand, RANKL）信号通路是OT及OTR发挥抗骨质疏松（osteoporosis, OP）作用的关键通路。OT通过上调骨形成蛋白，下调骨吸收标志物水平，进而提高骨髓间充质干细胞活性，促进其向OB方向而非脂肪细胞方向分化。OT通过促进OTR易位到OB的细胞核中，诱导OB的矿化。OT通过触发胞浆内Ca2+释放和一氧化氮的合成，调节OB中OPG/RANKL的比例，对破骨细胞具有双向的调节作用。此外，OT同样能够提高骨细胞和软骨细胞的活性，并在提高骨量，改善骨显微结构方面具有重要的作用。基于OT和OTR具有抗OP的良好作用，本文对近年来OT及OTR调节骨代谢的研究进行综述，以期为其临床应用与研究提供参考。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Oxytocin (OT) regulates parturition and breast milk secretion and holds bone directly by peripheral OT and oxytocin receptor (OTR) rather than central. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, osteoblasts (OB), osteoclasts (OC), osteocytes, chondrocytes, and adipocytes all expressed OT and OTR. OB synthesizes OT under the stimulation of estrogen and becomes a paracrine-autocrine regulator of bone formation. Under the mediation of estrogen, OT/OTR and OB form a feedforward loop. The Osteoclastogenesis inhibitory factor(OPG)/receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) signal pathway is the critical pathway for OT and OTR to exert anti-Osteoporosis (OP) action. OT down-regulates the bone resorption markers by up-regulating bone morphogenetic protein, thus improving the activity of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and promoting them to differentiate into OB rather than adipocytes. OT induces OB mineralization by promoting OTR translocation to the nucleus of OB. OT regulates the proportion of OPG/RANKL in OB by triggering the release of cytoplasmic Ca2+ and the synthesis of nitric oxide and has a bi-directional regulatory effect on osteoclasts. In addition, OT can also increase the activity of osteocytes and chondrocytes and plays a vital role in increasing bone mass and improving bone microstructure. Based on the fact that OT and OTR have sound anti-OP effects, this article reviews the research on the regulation of bone metabolism by OT and OTR in recent years, in order to provide reference for their clinical application and research. |
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