| Objective To analyze the significance of polymorphisms and mutations at the rs556442 and rs312778 loci of low density lipoprotein receptor related protein 5 in the bone mass abnormalities of postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with abnormal bone mass. Methods The data of 142 postmenopausal women in Shihezi region of Xinjiang from May 2021 to May 2023 were collected and analyzed retrospectively; they were divided into four groups, namely, the normal control group (Group A, n = 29), the T2DM group (Group B, n = 30), the group with reduced bone mass (Group C, n = 28), and the group with reduced bone mass + T2DM (Group D, n = 55). Relevant baseline data were collected and recorded, and fully automated biochemical assay instrument was used to determine sugar, lipid and bone metabolism indexes. Bone mineral density was measured by dual-energy X-ray, and the polymorphism of LRP5 gene locus was determined by time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Results ① Compared with the baseline data of the four groups, there were statistically significant differences in menopausal years, age and waist-hip ratio (P＜0.05);② Compared with Group A, Group B had higher fasting blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin (P < 0. 05); Group D had higher serological levels of FPG and HbA1c, and lower serological levels of TG (both P < 0. 05);③At rs556442, there was a statistically significant difference in the distribution of genotypes in Group D compared with Group A ( P < 0. 05); there was no statistically significant difference in the distribution of genotypes and allele frequencies between groups at rs312778 ( P > 0.05);④The rs556442 locus: compared with the AA type, the BMD level of the femoral neck of the AG/GG type was lower in Groups B and C; the serological level of HDL of the AG/GG type was lower in Group D ( P < 0. 05). rs312778 locus: compared with the CC type, the serological level of HbA1C and FPG of Group A was lower than that of the CT/TT type ( P < 0.05); the LDL serological level of Group D was lower than that of the CT/TT type ( P < 0. 05) of Group D had elevated serologic levels of LDL ( P < 0. 05);⑤ Multiple linear regression analysis: at rs556442, increased TG was a risk factor for decreased lumbar L1-4 BMD (P < 0.05); at rs312778, decreased BMI was a risk factor for decreased lumbar L1-4 and femoral neck BMD (P < 0.05), and increased TG was a risk factor for decreased lumbar L1-4 BMD; ⑥There was no statistically significant association between bone mass abnormality and genotype distribution at the rs55644 locus (P > 0.05); at the rs312778 locus, there was a statistically significant association between bone mass abnormality and genotype distribution (P < 0.05). Conclusion Mutations in the rs556442 and rs312778 loci of the LRP5 gene in postmenopausal female patients with T2DM in the Shihezi region of Xinjiang may be associated with decreased bone mass. |