| Objective To evaluate the efficacy of intraperitoneal injection of resveratrol (RSV) and estradiol (E) in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis, and to provide a basis for RSV as a potential adjuvant therapy drug. Methods Rats were randomly divided into 5 groups (with 10 rats in each group): normal group, Sham surgery (Sham) group, ovariectomized (OVX) group, OVX+RSV group, and OVX+estradiol (OVX+E) group. Rats in OVX+RSV group OVX+E group received intraperitoneal injection of RSV (10 mg/g·d) or β-estradiol (0.1 mg/kg·d), respectively. Rats in Sham group and OVX group were injected with physiological saline for 12 weeks. Bone mineral density, body fat rate, and muscle content were measured and analyzed with dual energy X-ray measurement every 4 weeks. After 12 weeks, data of the heart, liver, pancreas, and kidneys were collected and organ coefficients were calculated. Serum levels of urea nitrogen and creatinine were measured. Results of HE and Goldner staining of both femurs were collected, respectively. Results DXA results showed that RSV effectively prevented a decrease in bone mineral density while maintaining a body fat rate and muscle content consistent with the normal group, and its effect was equivalent to estrogen. The results of organ coefficient showed that except for a significant decrease in kidney coefficient in the RSV group, there was no significant difference in the liver, pancreas, and the heart coefficient among the groups. The serological test results showed that compared to those in the normal group and model group, the fasting serum urea nitrogen and creatinine levels in the RSV group rats reduced significantly, while the creatinine level in the estrogen group reduced significantly. HE staining of the right femur showed improvements in bone trabecular structure in both the OVX+RSV group and OVX+E group compared to the ovariectomized group, and the number of bone trabeculae and the connection between trabeculae improved more significantly after RSV intervention. The Goldner staining results of the left femur also showed a significant increase in the number and thickness of trabeculae in the OVX+RSV group, while a significant decrease in trabecular separation was observed. Conclusion The results of this study show that the anti osteoporosis effect of RSV is no less than that of estradiol. There are no obvious side effects. This result provides a basis for its use as a clinical adjuvant drug. |