| As the most important microbial community in human body, intestinal flora can be involved in regulating various physiological and pathological processes. Bifidobacterium, as one of the main probiotics in the gut, plays an important role in maintaining human health. With the continuous deepening of research on bifidobacterium, it has been found that it is closely related to bone metabolic balance, thus affecting the occurrence and development of osteoporosis. In this paper, relevant literature at home and abroad was searched to review the maintenance of bone metabolic balance by bifidobacterium and its metabolites through regulation of M1/M2 macrophage polarization, "Breg-Treg-Th17" cell axis, intestinal inflammation, vitamin D absorption, and expression of bone morphogenetic protein-2, cysteine-rich acidic protein and other related genes. The aim is to provide reference and basis for further research on osteoporosis. |