| The skeletal system is highly innervated. As research in bone biology progresses, the coupling mechanism between sensory neurons and bone remodeling is receiving increasing attention. Bone pain mediated by sensory neurons plays a crucial role in the development, diagnosis, treatment, and efficacy evaluation of bone diseases. Although the specific mechanism underlying bone pain remains incompletely understood at present, studies have indicated that osteoclasts, the primary mediators of bone resorption, play a significant role in nociceptive bone pain and neuropathic bone pain. Therefore, this review summarizes recent relevant research and explores the mechanism by which osteoclasts mediate bone pain, including the acidic microenvironment, inflammatory environment, and pain factors secreted by osteoclasts that stimulate nociceptors and the neuropathic changes induced by osteoclasts on sensory neurons. Additionally, the role of osteoclasts in mediating bone pain in different bone diseases is also discussed. The aim of this article is to provide a summary of the progress in research on osteoclast-mediated bone pain and to offer new insights and targets for the treatment of bone pain. |