| Objective To analyze the clinical efficacy and possible mechanism of Calcitriol combined with calcium in the adjuvant treatment of children with NS . Methods 63 children with NS from January 2020 to September 2021 were divided into observation group (32 cases) and control group (31 cases) . All patients were given routine glucocorticoid treatment and nutritional intervention. The control group was given vitamin D combinded with calcium therapy, the observation group was given Calcitriol combined with calcium therapy. 12 months after treatment, H17/Treg cells, serum calcium and phosphorus, bone metabolism and clinical efficacy were compared between two groups. Results The Th17 and Th17/Treg levels in the observation group were lower than those in the control group, while Treg levels were higher than those in the control group（P<0.05）. The observation group had higher levels of blood calcium, 25 hydroxyvitamin D3 [25- (OH) D3)], and albumin (ALB) than the control group, while 24-hour urinary protein quantification (24-UP) was lower than the control group（P<0.05）. The observation group had higher levels of BGP than the control group, while levels of PTH, AKT, P1NP, and β-CTX were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05).The complete and significant remission rate of the observation group was 81.25%, which was higher than that of the control group（58.06%, χ2=4.019, P<0.05）. Conclusion The combination of calcitriol and calcium supplements as adjuvant therapy can improve the clinical efficacy of NS in children, which may be related to correcting Th17/Treg immune imbalance, improving blood calcium, phosphorus, and bone metabolism disorders. |