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| 滑膜巨噬细胞极化在膝骨关节炎中的作用与调控机制 |
| Role and regulation mechanism of synovial macrophages in knee osteoarthritis |
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| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1006-7108.2025.05.023 |
| 中文关键词: 膝骨关节炎 滑膜炎症 滑膜巨噬细胞 调控机制 |
| 英文关键词:knee osteoarthritis synovial inflammation synovium macrophage regulation mechanism |
| 基金项目:甘肃省骨关节退行性疾病临床医学研究中心项目(18JR2FA009，2020-0411-SFC-0002)；甘肃省重点研发计划-社会发展领域项目(22YF7FA103) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 膝骨关节炎（knee osteoarthritis，KOA）是常见的慢性骨关节退行性疾病，因其发病机制复杂、影响因素较多，严重影响人群健康。越来越多的证据表明KOA的发生发展与慢性低度炎症密切相关，滑膜巨噬细胞（synovium macrophage，SM）的激活与极化介导滑膜炎症反应，参与关节软骨退化，SM或许是KOA发生发展过程中的关键效应细胞。滑膜M1和M2巨噬细胞发挥不同的生物作用，通过极化维持彼此之间的平衡，SM极化失衡影响KOA发生发展。SM极化过程中产生的促炎细胞因子如TNF-α、IL-1等，与滑膜成纤维细胞、软骨细胞等相互作用，加剧滑膜炎症、纤维化及软骨退化。研究者们通过药物或其他手段干预SM的极化，通过调控SM数量及M1/M2的极化平衡，以减轻滑膜炎症反应，改善炎症损伤，进而防治KOA。笔者总结国内外最新研究报道，阐明SM激活对KOA的作用以及调控SM极化防治KOA的机制，为KOA防治提供新靶点和新思路。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a common chronic degenerative bone and joint disease, which seriously affects the population’s health due to its complex pathogenesis and multiple influencing factors. More and more evidence shows that the occurrence and development of KOA are closely related to chronic low-grade inflammation, and the activation and proliferation of synovium macrophages (SM) mediate synovium inflammation and participate in the degeneration of articular cartilage, and SM is a key effector cell in the occurrence and development of KOA. M1 and M2 macrophages play different biological roles in the synovium and the balance is maintained through polarization between each other, and the imbalance of SM polarization affects the pathogenesis of KOA. The pro-inflammatory cytokines that TNF-α and IL-1 produced in the SM polarization interact with synovial fibroblasts and chondrocytes to exacerbate synovial inflammation, fibrosis and software degeneration, which have a significant influence in the occurrence and development of KOA. Many researchers have tried to intervene in the activation and polarization of SM through drugs or other means, and regulate the number of SM and the balance of M1/M2, to reduce synovial inflammation and improve inflammatory damage. This article summarizes the latest research reports in recent years, and reviews the effects of SM activation and polarization on KOA and the mechanism of regulating SM polarization in the prevention and treatment of KOA to find new targets and ideas in the treatment of KOA. |
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