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| 巨噬细胞极化与其他细胞共作用在骨关节炎各阶段中的影响 |
| The role of macrophage polarization in interacting with other cells in various stages of osteoarthritis |
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| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1006-7108.2025.10.021 |
| 中文关键词: 骨关节炎 巨噬细胞极化 M1巨噬细胞 M2巨噬细胞 |
| 英文关键词:osteoarthritis macrophage polarization M1 macrophages M2 macrophages |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 骨关节炎(OA)是一种常见的退行性关节疾病，通常会导致慢性疼痛久则致残。OA最主要的病理变化为关节软骨损伤、滑膜炎、骨赘形成等，同时还伴有骨、关节囊和韧带结构的继发性病变。在OA病理进程中，巨噬细胞占据了核心地位。其极化为M1/M2型是OA病理演变的关键。不仅如此，巨噬细胞还与滑膜成纤维细胞、软骨细胞、破骨细胞等其他细胞产生共作用，影响OA病程的各个关键节点，如软骨基质降解、滑膜炎症以及骨赘形成等过程。同时，巨噬细胞还参与多条信号通路的传导，从多元途径深入参与OA的病理过程。本文系统性综述了巨噬细胞与骨关节炎间错综复杂的联系，特别聚焦于巨噬细胞如何与其他细胞群协同作用诱导OA发生发展，以及巨噬细胞通过多条信号通路动态调控OA发病的全貌，从而为深入理解和治疗这一疾病提供新视角。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative joint disease that often causes chronic pain and disability over time. The main pathological changes of OA are synovitis, articular cartilage damage, and osteophyte formation, and are also accompanied by secondary lesions of bone, joint capsule, and ligament structures. Macrophages play a pivotal role in the pathological process of OA as a key regulator of disease development. These cells are highly adaptable and can be polarized according to the local microenvironment, differentiating into two phenotypes: pro-inflammatory (M1) and anti-inflammatory/restorative (M2). Macrophage activity plays a central role in the progression of OA, especially the imbalance of M1/M2 ratio, which is closely and significantly correlated with the severity of OA. In addition, macrophages interact with neighboring cells through paracrine mechanisms and are deeply involved in various key nodes of the OA disease course from multiple signal transduction pathways, such as synovial inflammation, cartilage matrix degradation, and osteophyte formation. This article systematically reviews the intricate relationship between macrophages and osteoarthritis, with a particular focus on how macrophages work with stromal cell populations to dynamically regulate the pathogenesis of OA through specific signaling pathways, so as to provide a new perspective for the in-depth understanding and treatment of this disease. |
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