| Bone homeostasis imbalance is a pathological condition characterized by disrupted equilibrium between bone resorption and bone formation, accompanied by abnormalities in bone mass, microarchitecture, or strength. It commonly occurs in diseases such as osteoporosis, ankylosing spondylitis, rheumatoid arthritis, periapical periodontitis, periodontitis, and fractures, severely impairing patients’ quality of life. With the growing interest in osteoimmunology, neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), as a novel immunoregulatory hotspot, have attracted increasing attention in bone homeostasis-related disorders. Aberrant or excessive NETs formation may lead to bone erosion, bone damage, or heterotopic ossification by releasing proinflammatory cytokines, exacerbating oxidative stress, and altering the differentiation and functional activity of bone-related cells, thereby disrupting bone homeostasis. In addition, therapeutic strategies targeting NETs have shown promising potential: promoting their degradation, inhibiting their formation, or exploring novel NETs-based therapeutic targets may lay the foundation for the development of precise therapies with both anti-inflammatory and bone-protective effects. This review summarizes the mechanisms and therapeutic potential of NETs in bone homeostasis-related disorders, providing new insights into their treatment. |