| With the intensification of population aging, the incidence of osteoporosis has risen sharply. As a common geriatric disease, it not only reduces the quality of life of the elderly but also increases the medical and economic burdens on families and society. This paper reviews the multi-faceted effects of cell senescence on the bone microenvironment and its internal connection with osteoporosis. It elaborates on the manifestations of cell senescence in various cells within the bone microenvironment, including osteocytes, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, immune cells, etc. It explores the impact of cell senescence on osteocyte functions such as proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis, and analyzes how cell senescence is closely related to the occurrence and development of osteoporosis in multiple aspects, including leading to bone metabolism imbalance, triggering inflammatory responses and oxidative stress, interfering with signal transduction between osteocytes, and causing delayed fracture healing. The aim is to provide a comprehensive and solid theoretical basis for a deep understanding of the internal effects of cell senescence on the bone microenvironment and osteoporosis. At the same time, it also provides valuable reference for the development of more effective treatment methods and prevention strategies, with the expectation of better addressing the global public health problem of osteoporosis in the future. |